shake是什么意思(shake、tremble、quiver、shiver和shudder辨析)
100次浏览 发布时间:2024-09-21 08:35:20
shake,tremble,quiver shiver和shudder,这一组动词的意义均为“振动、颤动”,除shake和quiver即可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词外,其他都是不及物动词,但所表示的振动、颤抖的原因、程度不同。

Shake是最普通,用词,概念广泛,可用于人和物。用于人时,一般指由于激动,寒冷,惧怕等引起的全身或身体局部颤动,也可表示任何形式的振动,常含有不规则、突然之意,比如:
Shake well before using.服用之前要把瓶子好好摇一摇。再比如,He shook the tree and a cloud of leaves fell to the ground.他摇撼着树,叶子纷纷落到地上。The whole house shook during the earthquake.地震时整个房子都晃动了。
再比如,The poor girl was shaking with cold.那可怜的姑娘冷得直打哆嗦。This filled him with such fury that his voice shook.这使他那样气愤,他的声音都有些颤动了。另外一个例子,His hands shook a little as he wrote,他的手写字时有些发抖。表示“因为……而颤抖,抖动”时shake后面跟介词with加名词。

动词tremble指人体由于盛怒,恐惧,寒冷或疲劳而引起的无法克制的轻微而迅速的抖动。比如,The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.见到警察,孩子们吓得发抖。Hearing the words,he trembled with anger.听了这些话他气得发抖。His voice trembled with excitement。他兴奋得发抖。Tremble后可搭配介词with。

quiver这个动词用于事物时常常指树叶,昆虫,云雀等的翅膀的抖动。用于人时,指因恐惧、强烈感情的抑制而引起的嘴唇、声音等身体局部的抖动,但弱于tremble。这种抖动是轻微、快速、连续不断的,有时是几乎难以察觉的,比如:
Aspen leaves quiver in the slightest breeze.白杨的叶子在微风中颤动。The skylark quivered with wings.云雀震动它的双翅。再比如,The little boy’s lips quivered as he tried not to cry.这个小男孩的双唇哆嗦着,尽量不使自己哭出声来。
再例如,Mary’s eyes were filled with tears, and her chin was quivering.玛丽眼里含着泪水,下巴抖动着。

shiver主要指由于寒冷而颤抖,也可用于恐惧而引起的颤抖,常指肌肉的抖动。动作多为短暂、迅速的,比如,He came into the house snow-covered and shivering.他走进房来,浑身都是雪,冷得发抖。Our enemies must be shivering in their shoes.我们的敌人一定吓得浑身发抖。

shudder常指由于极度恐惧、厌恶而引起的全身战栗,动作多为突然、猛烈而短暂。比如:
It was one of those illnesses from which we turned away our eyes shuddering.这是那些令人毛骨悚然,惨不忍睹的疾病之一。He shuddered at the sight of blood.他一看见血便战栗起来。People shuddered because of fear, cold or disgust.人们因恐惧寒冷或厌恶而战栗。